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CLASS 8 – CHEMISTRY with following topics explained in details: Unit 1. Structure Of Atoms Unit 2. Carbon – A Special Element Unit 3. Chemical Transformation of Substances Unit 4. Metals And Non Metals Unit 5. Pollution of Air and Water Unit 6. Synthatic Fibers Unit 7. Coal and petroleum Unit 8. Chemical Effects of Electric Current
CLASS 8 – CHEMISTRY
Unit 1. Structure Of Atoms
Introduction, Atoms As Building Blocks of Matter, Model of an Atom, Structure of an Atom, Theories of Atomic Structure, Atomic Theory of Matter, Rutherford’s Model of Atom, Electron, Proton, Neutron, Atomic Number and Mass Number, Isotopes, Valance Electrons and Valency, Valency and Oxidation State, Formation of Ions, Formula of Compounds, Chemical Equations, Summary
Unit 2. Carbon – A Special Element
Introduction, Carbon and its Occurrence, Allotropy, Allotropic Forms of Carbon, Structure of Diamond, Structure of Graphite, Difference Between Diamond And Graphite, Diamond and Graphite Mines in India, Compounds Of Hydrogen, Carbon and Oxygen, Carbon Monoxide, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrocarbons, Carbon Cycle, Common Carbonates and Bicarbonates, Methane, Summary
Unit 3. Chemical Transformation of Substances
Introduction, Purification of Substances, Characterization of Substances, Chemical Change, Chemical Reaction, Characteristics of Chemical Reactions, Types of Chemical Reaction, Oxidation and Reduction Reaction, Summary
Unit 4. Metals And Non Metals
Introduction, Characteristics of Metals And Non Metals, Occurrence of Metals, Metallurgical Process, Physical Properties of Metals, Chemical Properties of Metals And Non Metals, Uses of Metals, Reactivity of Metal, Comparison of Metals And Nonmetals, Noble Metals, Uses of Common Metals And Common Nonmetals, Alloys, Alloys of Aluminium, Alloys of Copper, Alloys of Iron, Corrosion, Prevention of Corrosion, Summary
Unit 5. Pollution of Air and Water
Introduction, Atmosphere, Different Layers of Atmosphere, Air is a Mixture, Composition of Air, Methods of Separation of Components of Air, Atmospheric Pressure, Types of Barometer, Nitrogen and Its Uses, The Nitrogen Cycle, Fixation of Nitrogen, Oxygen, Laboratory Preparation of Oxygen, General Methods of Preparation of Oxygen, Physical Properties of Oxygen, Chemical Properties of Oxygen, Uses of Oxygen, Oxidation And Reduction, Pollution, Air Pollution, Causes of Air Pollution, Sources of Air Pollution, Effects of Air Pollution, Effects of Air Pollution on Human Beings, Prevention of Air Pollution, Radioactive Pollution, Water Pollution, Prevention of Water Pollution, Water Treatment, Summary
Unit 6. Synthatic Fibers
Introduction, Fibres, Types of Natural, Synthetic Fibres, Summary
Unit 7. Coal and petroleum
Introduction, Fossil Fuels, Coal, Petroleum, Refining of Petroleum, Natural Gas, Summary
Unit 8. Chemical Effects of Electric Current
Introduction, Pure Substances, Ions, Cations, Anions, Electroplating, Summary
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