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CLASS 6 – SCIENCE with following topics explained in details : Unit 1. Science, its Importance Unit 2. Our Universe Unit 3. Environment and its Components Unit 4. The Nature of Matter Unit 5. Changes around Us Unit 6. Separations of Substances Unit 7. Classification of Living Organisms Unit 8. Characteristics of Living Organisms Unit 9. Structure and Functions of Plants Unit 10. Structure and Functions of Animals Unit 11. Measurements Unit 12. Motion, Force and Pressure Unit 13. Work and Energy Unit 14. Machines Unit 15. Health and Hygiene Unit 16. Technology in Everyday Life Unit 17. Understanding the Environment
CLASS 6 – SCIENCE
Unit 1. Science, its Importance
Introduction, Study of Science, Branches of Science, Importance of science, Contribution of some important Scientists, Aryabhatta, Nicolaus Copernicus, Tycho Brahe, Johannes Kepler, Issac Newton, Jag dish Chandra Bose, Salim Moizuddin Adbul Ali, Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, Other Scientists, Use of Science, Misuse of science, Summary
Unit 2. Our Universe
Introduction, Measuring Distances, The Stars, The Planets, Difference between the Stars and Planets, The Solar System, The Sun, The Planets, Interesting facts about the Planets, Formation of the Earth, Differentiation of the Earth, Life on Planets, Survival of life on the Earth, Uniqueness of the Planet Earth in the Solar System, Different parts of the Earth, Lithosphere, Atmosphere, Hydrosphere, Importance of carbon dioxide in the Atmosphere, Green House Effect, The Oceans, Sea breeze, Land breeze, Summary
Unit 3. Environment and its Components
Introduction, Components of an Environment, Abiotic Components, Biotic Components, Relation between Abiotic and Biotic Environment, Food relationships, Food chain and Food web, Energy flow in a Food chain, Socio-cultural Environment, Summary
Unit 4. The Nature of Matter
Introduction, What is Matter, Constituents of matter, States of Matter, Molecules and their arrangements, Change of phases, Properties of the three phases of matter, Properties of Solids, Properties of Liquids, Properties of Gases, Differences between Solids, Liquids, and Gases, Physical properties of Matter, Classification of Matter, Summary
Unit 5. Changes around Us
Introduction, Causes and effects of Changes, Classification of Changes, Slow and Fast Changes, Reversible and Irreversible Changes, Natural and Man-made Changes, Desirable and Undesirable Changes, Periodic and Non-periodic Changes, Physical and Chemical Changes, Difference between Physical and Chemical changes, Changes involve Interaction, Absorption or evolution of energy during a change, Summary
Unit 6. Separations of Substances
Introduction, Pure Substances and mixtures, What is Separation, Physical Methods of Separation, Separating Solids from other Solids, Separating Insoluble Solids from Liquids, Separating Soluble Solids from Liquids, Separating Immiscible Liquids, Separating solids from gases, Separation of gases, Separation using more than one method, Summary
Unit 7. Classification of Living Organisms
Introduction, The concept of Classification, Advantages of Classification, Units of Classification, Classification of Plants, Flowering Plants, Non-flowering Plants, Classification on the basis of size of Plants, Other methods of Classification, Classification of Animals, Naming Living Organisms, Common Names, Scientific Names, Economic importance of Plants, Economic importance of Animals, Summary
Unit 8. Characteristics of Living Organisms
Introduction, Types of Characteristics, Living things have Definite Shape and Size, Living things are made up of Cells, Living things Move, Living things are Sensitive, Living things Need Food to Live, Living things Respire, Living things Excrete, Living things Grow, Living things Reproduce, Living things have a Definite Life Span, Living Things adapt to their Environment, Differences Between Living Things And Non-Living Things, Differences between Plants And Animals, Summary
Unit 9. Structure and Functions of Plants
Introduction, Root system in Plants, Characteristics of a root, Parts of a root, Types of root system, Modification of Roots, Functions of Root, The Shoot System in plants, The Stem, The Leaf, The Flower, The Fruit, Summary
Unit 10. Structure and Functions of Animals
Introduction, The Digestive System, The Respiratory System, The Circulatory System, The Heart, Blood Vessels, Blood, Movement of blood in he Heart, The Nervous System, The Excretory System, The Reproductive System, The Muscular System, The Skeletal System, The Integumentary System, The Endocrine System, Summary
Unit 11. Measurements
Introduction, Need for Measurement, Need for Standard Unit, Standard Unit, Points to be remembered while taking measurements, Fundamental and derived units, Measurement of Length, Measurement of length with metre scale, Measuring small thickness, Measuring the length of curved line, Measuring the diameter of spherical objects, Proper use of instrument, Beware before you buy, Measurement of Volume, Measurement of the volume of a Liquid, Measurement of Area, Measurement of Mass, Beam Balances, Physical balance, Measurement of weight, Measurement of Temperature, Clinical Thermometer, Measurement of Time, Role of the department of weights and measures, Summary
Unit 12. Motion, Force and Pressure
Introduction, Types of Motion, Translatory Motion, Circulatory Motion, Oscillatory Motion, Periodic Motion, Repetitive Motion, Random Motion, Speed, Uniform speed, Variable speed, Velocity, Force, Effects of force, Types of forces, Units of force, Mass and Weight, Pressure, Unit of Pressure, Atmospheric pressure, Liquid Pressure, Role of pressure in daily life, Summary
Unit 13. Work and Energy
Introduction, Work, Energy, Forms of Energy, Mechanical Energy, Heat Energy, Chemical Energy, Sound Energy, Light Energy, Electrical Energy, Magnetic Energy, Atomic Energy, Transformation of Energy, Work energy relationship, Sources of Energy, Energy Conservation, Summary
Unit 14. Machines
Introduction, Machines and types of machine, Kind of Simple Machines, The lever, The pulley, The inclined plane, The screw, The wheel and axle, Uses of Machines, Weighing Machines, The Steel yard, The platform balance, Care of machines, Summary
Unit 15. Health and Hygiene
Introduction, Conditions necessary to keep Good Health, Factors affecting Health, Personal Hygiene, Cleanliness, Physical Exercise, Rest and Sleep, Healthy Habits, Hair care, Oral hygiene, Care of sense organs, Health and food, Community Hygiene, Summary
Unit 16. Technology in Everyday Life
Introduction, Water, Water Filters, Types of Filters, Water Treatment, Physical Treatment, Chemical Treatment, Crystallization, Separation of crystals in Industry, Weight, Weight Measurement, Weighing loaded Trucks, Weighing chemicals in Laboratories, Summary
Unit 17. Understanding the Environment
Introduction, The environment – Social and Natural, Human dependence on the Environment, Interdependence in Plants and Animals, Dependence of Animals on Plants, Dependence of Plants on Animals, Natural Resources, Air as a Natural Resource, Water as a Natural Resource, Soil as a Natural Resource, Minerals as a Natural Resource, Sunlight as a Natural Resource, Over utilization of Resources, Waste Management, Generation of Solid Waste, Sources of Solid Waste, Types of Solid Waste, Hazards of solid waste Accumulation, Modes of disposal of solid waste, Generation of Liquid Waste, Sources of Liquid Waste, Types of Liquid Waste, Hazards of Liquid Waste, Management of Liquid Waste and its Disposal, Generation of Gaseous Waste, Sources of Gaseous Wastes, Types of Gaseous Waste, Hazards of Gaseous Waste Accumulation, Modes of Disposal of Gaseous Waste, Conditions for proper Waste Management, Summary
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